Maslow’s Hierarchy of need starts with self-actualization then dependents to esteem and so on to love and belonging, safety needs, and physiological needs. The needs at the end of the phyrimid must be satisfied before someone can worry about needs listed higher. The first four needs are deficiency needs and the last need is a growth need. Deficiency needs motivate people to fulfill them, the longer they are not satisfied the more it motivates people to satisfy them. Needs do not need to be completely satisfied to worry about needs in higher rating. Deficiency needs are motivated by the lack of something while growth needs are motivated by the desire to grow. Every person has the desire to move up to self-actualization but often people don’t reach this level due to the fact they can’t move past the lower levels.
The first stage os physiological needs which is requirements for survival. Which consistent of what the body needs to function optimally. The second stage is safety needs. This includes things like security and law. The third stage is love and belongingness which is social. These are interpersonal relationships people have such as friendship and intimacy. Things like being in a group including a family or even work. The forth stage is esteem. This is broken into two categorizes; esteem of oneself and respect from others. Finally the fifth stage is self-actualization. This is when someone realizes their potential. These needs are organized in a hierarchy, however, the hierarchy is flexible.
The hierarchy has been expanded over time. Now, cognitive, aesthetic, and transcendence needs are included. Forming a new model that goes biological physiological needs, safety needs, love and belongings needs, esteem needs, cognitive needs, aesthetic needs, self-actualization, and finally transcendence needs.
Self-actualization is the fulfillment through growth; this is the realization of what is important to a particular person, their meaning of life. This is a continues process. Only 2% of people reach this point. There are 15 characteristics that are found in people who reach self-actualization. They are they perceive reality efficently, accept themselves and others for what they are, they are spontaneous, problem-centered, unusual sense of humor, look at life objectively, creative, resistant to enculturation, concurred for the welfare of humanity, capable of deep appreciation of basic life-experience, establish deep interpersonal relationships, peak experiences, need privacy, democratic attitudes, and strong morals.
Maslow hierarchy is important to implement in the classroom because it explains how before cognitive needs can be met, physiological needs must be met. Low self-esteem will hold children back in the classroom so teachers must create a supportive environment.
Bloom’s Taxonomy of learning domains goes from creating at the top to evaluating, analyzing, applying, understanding, and at the bottom remembering. This promotes higher forms of thinking. It is used to design educational training and learning processes.
There are three domains of learning cognitive, affective, and psychomotor. These are the goals of the learning process meaning after a lesson a students should acquire new skills, knowledge, and attitude.
The cognitive domain focuses on knowledge and intellectual skills. There are six major categories knowledge, comprehension, application, analysis, synthesis, and evaluation.
This was later revised by changing the names of the six categories, rearrangement of the categorizes, and creating a processes and level of knowledge matrix. The new domain goes from creating, evaluating, analyzing, applying, understanding, and finally remembering. This is an active form of thinking. The matrix includes three levels of knowledge factual, conceptual, procedural. There is also another level of knowledge known as metacognitive.
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